Things in IoT and IoT Security & Privacy - Basic
🔌 Voltage Considerations for Sensors in IoT ⚙️ Why Voltage Matters: Sensors require specific voltage and current to function correctly. Supplying the wrong voltage can result in: Incorrect readings Permanent damage to the sensor Microcontroller malfunction ⚡ Typical Voltage Levels: Sensor Type Operating Voltage Digital Sensors 3.3V or 5V Analog Sensors Often 5V Microcontrollers (ESP32, Arduino) 3.3V or 5V 🧠Logic Level Compatibility: ESP8266 & ESP32 use 3.3V logic . Arduino Uno operates at 5V logic . If a sensor outputs 5V but the MCU takes only 3.3V, a logic level shifter or voltage divider is needed. 🔧 Example: If you connect a 5V IR sensor to an ESP32 input pin directly, the 3.3V-only GPIO may be damaged unless a voltage divider is used. 📡 Working of Common IoT Sensors 1. PIR Motion Sensor PIR = Passive Infrared Detects infrared radiation changes caused by movement of warm objects (e.g., humans). Working : Has 2 slots...